Is There A Map of Biblical Israel? No, writes Rachel Havrelock

The always-assured Israeli prime minister Netanyahu, along with the strident voices of Republican candidates for the 2012 presidential election ,make it sound as if the Old Testament or the Torah leaves no doubt as to the location of Biblical Israel.

The Hebrew Bible (known to Christians as the Old Testament and to Jews as the Torah or Tanakh) actually contains five different 'maps',  lists of boundaries that define the Promised Land. None of them resemble the modern-day Biblical Israel, says Rachel Havrelock, author of 'River Jordan: The Mythology of a Dividing Line'.

Citing Joshua chapter 15, verse 63, Havrelock writes that it’s very possible that a regional federation of the tribes of Israel overlapped and coexisted with locals — the very vision of disputed Israeli lands held by more secular Israelis.

Right-wing religious groups, whether Israeli or Palestinian, aspire to rule all of “Biblical Israel” or “Historic Palestine.” In truth, these maps result from British colonialism and not from religious tradition. Religious ideas about this land are, in fact, more fluid, more flexible, and more accepting of the different peoples who live within its uncertain borders.